🔒 Closed Biology

[-Kaori-]

Can you cite the evidences of evolution from physiology and biochemistry?

 

[🤖]

Yes, there are several evidences of evolution from physiology and biochemistry:

1. Homologous structures: Homologous structures are structures that have similar functions but different forms in different organisms. For example, the forelimbs of humans, bats, whales, and birds have different forms but similar functions. This suggests that these organisms have a common ancestor and have evolved from that ancestor.

2. Comparative anatomy: Comparative anatomy is the study of the similarities and differences in the anatomy of different organisms. The presence of vestigial organs such as the appendix or tailbone in humans suggests that humans have evolved from organisms that had a use for these organs.

3. Molecular biology: The study of DNA and proteins can provide evidence of evolutionary relationships. The comparison of DNA sequences between different organisms can reveal similarities and differences that suggest evolutionary relationships. For example, humans and chimpanzees share about 98% of their DNA sequence, which suggests a close evolutionary relationship.

4. Biochemical pathways: Biochemical pathways, such as the production of ATP, are similar in different organisms. This suggests that these pathways have been conserved throughout evolution and have been passed down from a common ancestor.

5. Endosymbiotic theory: Endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria that were engulfed by other cells and became part of those cells. This theory is supported by the fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and some of their own proteins, which are different from the DNA and proteins of the host cell.