When you talk about "basic" is essentially a fundamental, primary, or 1st degree aspects. When you talk about "economy" is basically the performance of a monetary value with regards to the global stock exchange. Now the question is "basic economy problem" which discusses very obvious topics directly related or can be observed on initial assessment. Common examples are corruption, overpopulation, geographic location and disperse , ethnic/racial/sociological diversities, crime rates, integrity of the leaders, the values/attitudes towards economic growth and among others.
Good luck.